When lung cancer is found based on symptoms alone – such as a persistent cough or repeated chest infections – it is often already at an advanced stage. Treatment options are limited at this point and the chances of survival are significantly reduced. Finding cancer earlier increases the likelihood that treatments will be effective, improving survival rates.
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans can find lung cancer at an early stage in people who do not have any symptoms because it is able to detect tiny pulmonary nodules. It is only recommended for people aged 50-80 years with a high risk of lung cancer due to their smoking exposure. Major trials of lung cancer screening have shown positive results for this category of participants (see ‘evidence’ section).
Screening can also reveal other serious health issues, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or heart disease, allowing for timely follow-up and intervention.